Visual+Learning

WAY TO CATEGORIZE THEORIES FROM "trait-perspective" to "developmental" to "contextualism"

THEORY OF WORK ADJUSTMENT - person-environment __correspondence__

**MINNESOTA THEORY OF WORK ADJUSTMENT** A theory of vocational adjustment, __explaining why people stay employed in a particular job.__ Considers both the __internal needs__of a worker and the __external demands__ on the worker. __**SATISFACTION** of the worker's expectations and need__ **SATISFACTORINESS** __of the worker to the demands of the work environment =__ tenure **RHYTHM** The pattern of attempts (e.g. steady, erratic, etc.) by individual and work environment to satisfy their needs **CELERITY** The quickness with which workers engage their environment to satisfy their needs

HOLLAND'S PERSON-ENVIRONMENT __CONGRUENCE__ - match personality with work environment







ZONE OF ACCEPTABLE ALTERNATIVES: the occupations remaining after an individual eliminates occupations due to sex type, intolerably low prestige, or intolerably high effort TOLERABLE EFFORT BOUNDARY- the highest level of effort considered acceptable among occupational alternatives. TOLERABLE PRESTIGE-LEVEL BOUNDARY- the lowest level of prestige considered acceptable among occupational alternatives

=** Super’s Life Stages (Maxi-cycle) **=

**// Life Stage //** || ** Adolescence **
 * **// Age //**
 * 14-25 ** || ** Early Adulthood **
 * 25-45 ** || ** Middle Adulthood **
 * 45-65 ** || ** Late Adulthood **
 * 65 & Over ** ||
 * ** Decline ** || Giving less time to hobbies || Reducing sports participation || Focusing on essentials || Reducing working hours ||
 * ** Maintenance ** || Verifying current occupational choice || Making occupational position secure || Holding one's own against competition || Keeping what one enjoys ||
 * ** Establishment ** || Getting started in a chosen field || Settling down in a suitable position || Developing new skills || Doing things one has wanted to do ||
 * ** Exploration ** || Learning more about opportunities || Finding desired opportunity || Identifying new tasks to work on || Finding a good retirement place ||
 * ** Growth ** || Developing a realistic self-concept || Learning to relate to others || Accepting one's own limitations || Developing and valuing non-occupational roles ||



SUPER's LIFE SPAN or LIFE SPACE GROWTH- Stage 1: physical and psychological growth; experiences provide a background of knowledge; individual forms attitudes and behavior mechanisms that become important components of the self-concept for much of life. EXPLORATION- Stage 2: realizing occupation is part of life; initial fantasy phase is unrealistic and often related to the play life of the individual. (ex: cowboy, movie star, pilot)- These choices are temporary and usually have little, if any, long-term significance for the individual Stage 4: seek to continue or improve the current occupational situation; Essentially the person is concerned with continuing the satisfying parts of the work situation and revising or changing those unpleasant aspects that are annoying but not so disagreeable that they drive the individual from the field DECLINE- Stage 5: pre-retirement; emphasis on keeping job with minimal standards of output; This period terminates with the individual's withdrawal from the world of work.
 * 1) ESTABLISHMENT- Stage 3: encounters with actual work; try out decisions and choices made in the exploratory stage. As he or she gains experience and proficiency, the individual becomes stabilized; that is, aspects of this occupation are brought into the self-concept, and the occupation is accepted as one that offers the best chance to obtain those satisfactions that are important MAINTENANCE -

MORE CIP **CIP Pyramid** //**Thinking about decision**// **Metacognition** involves self-talk and self-awareness //**Know how to make decisions**// **C** Communication: respond to signal **A** Analysis: look at aspects of problem/respond **S** Synthesis: potential solutions **V** Valuing: cost/benefits **E** Execution: act //**Know self and know options**// self-knowledge & knowledge of careers